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Lamiales

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taxon links [up-->]Oleaceae [up-->]Acanthaceae [up-->]Gesneriaceae [down<--]Asterids Interpreting the tree
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This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.

The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.

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You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.

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Containing group: Asterids

Other Names for Lamiales

References

Albach, D. C., H. M. Meudt, and B. Oxelman. 2005. Piecing together the "new" Plantaginaceae. American Journal of Botany 92:297-315.

Albach, D. C., P. S. Soltis, D. E. Soltis, and R. G. Olmstead. 2001. Phylogenetic analysis of asterids based on sequences of four genes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 88:163-212.

Backlund, A. and B. Bremer, B. 1997. Phylogeny of Asteridae s. str. based on rbcL sequences, with particular reference to Dipsacales. Plant Systematics and Evolution 207:225-254.

Beardsley P. M. and R. G. Olmstead. 2002. Redefining Phrymaceae: the placement of Mimulus, tribe Mimuleae, and Phryma. American Journal of Botany 89:1093-1102.

Bremer, K., A. Backlund, B. Sennblad, U. Swenson, K. Andreasen, M. Hjertson, J. Lundberg, M. Backlund, and B. Bremer. 2001. A phylogenetic analysis of 100, genera and 50, families of euasterids based on morphological and molecular data with notes on possible higher level morphological synapomorphies. Plant Systematics and Evolution 229:137-169.

Bremer, B., K. Bremer, N. Heidari, P. Erixon, R. G. Olmstead, A. A. Anderberg, M. Källersjö, and E. Barkhordarian. 2002. Phylogenetics of asterids based on 3 coding and 3 non-coding chloroplast DNA markers and the utility of non-coding DNA at higher taxonomic levels. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 24:274-301.

Olmstead, R. G., C. W. DePamphilis, A. D. Wolfe, N. D. Young, W. J. Elisons, and P. A. Reeves. 2001. Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae. American Journal of Botany 88:348-361.

Olmstead, R. G., K.-J. Kim, R. K. Jansen, and S. J. Wagstaff. 2000. The phylogeny of the Asteridae sensu lato based on chloroplast ndhF gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 16:96-112.

Olmstead, R. G., H. Michaels, K. M. Scott, and J. D. Palmer. 1992. Monophyly of the Asteridae and identification of their major lineages inferred from DNA sequences of rbcL. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79:249-265.

Olmstead, R. G. and P. A. Reeves. 1995. Evidence for the polyphyly of the Scrophulariaceae based on chloroplast rbcL and ndhF sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82:176-193.

Ryding, O. 1995. Pericarp structure and phylogeny of the Lamiaceae-Verbenaceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 198:101-141.

Savolainen, V., M. F. Fay, D. C. Albach, A. Backlund, M. van der Bank, K. M. Cameron, S. A. Johnson, M. D. Lledó, J.-C. Pintaud, M. Powell, M. C. Sheahan, D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, P. Weston, W. M. Whitten, K. J. Wurdack, and M. W. Chase. 2000. Phylogeny of the eudicots: a nearly complete familial analysis based on rbcl gene sequences. Kew Bulletin 55:257-309.

Schwarzbach, A. E. and L. A. McDade. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the mangrove family Avicenniaceae based on chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 27:84-98.

Smith, J. F., K. D. Brown, C. L. Carroll, and D. S. Denton. 1997. Familial placement of Cyrtandromoea, Titanotrichum, and Sanango, three problematic genera of the Lamiales. Taxon 46:65-74.

Soltis, D. E., P. S. Soltis, M. W. Chase, M. E. Mort, D. C. Albach, M. Zanis, V. Savolainen, W. H. Hahn, S. B. Hoot, M. F. Fay, M. Axtell, S. M. Swensen, L. M. Prince, W. J. Kress, K. C. Nixon, and J. S. Farris. 2000. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from 18S rDNA, rbcL, and atpB sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 133:381-461.

Wagstaff S. J., L. Hickerson, R. Spangler, P. A. Reeves, and R. G. Olmstead. 1998. Phylogeny in Labiatae s. l., inferred from cpDNA sequences. Plant Systematics and Evolution 209:265-274.

Wagstaff, S. J. and R. G. Olmstead. 1997. Phylogeny of Labiatae and Verbenaceae inferred from rbcL sequences. Systematic Botany 22:165-179.

Wortley, A., P. Rudall, D. Harris, and R. Scotland. 2005. How much data are needed to resolve a difficult phylogeny? Case study in Lamiales. Systematic Biology 54(5):697-709.

Information on the Internet

Title Illustrations
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Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Scientific Name Castilleja rubicundula ssp. lithospermoides
Location Napa County, California, USA
Creator Photograph by Robert Thomas and Margaret Orr
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Identified By Doreen Smith
Source Castilleja rubicundula ssp. lithospermoides; Cream Sacs
Source Collection CalPhotos
Copyright © 1999 California Academy of Sciences
Scientific Name Bravaisia berlandieriana
Location cultivated, South Miami, Florida, USA
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Source Bravaisia berlandieriana
Source Collection Flickr
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 2.0.
Copyright © 2008 Scott Zona
Scientific Name Globularia punctata
Location Strangenberg, Haut-Rhin, Dép. Westhalten, France.
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
Body Part flowering shoot
Source Globularia punctata (Globulariaceae)
Source Collection Botanical Image Database
Copyright © 2001 University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
About This Page

Page: Tree of Life Lamiales. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

Citing this page:

Tree of Life Web Project. 2002. Lamiales. Version 01 January 2002 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Lamiales/20726/2002.01.01 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

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This page is a Tree of Life Branch Page.

Each ToL branch page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a branch of the Tree of Life. The major distinction between a branch and a leaf of the Tree of Life is that each branch can be further subdivided into descendent branches, that is, subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages.

For a more detailed explanation of the different ToL page types, have a look at the Structure of the Tree of Life page.

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Lamiales

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