Adjusting Digital Images
Teacher Section
This lesson guides students through:
- Managing digital image files on their personal computers.
- Deciding what needs to be done to change or improve images they have for use in Treehouse building.
- Adjusting images (correct size, rotate, brightness level, cropping) in preparation to upload images to the Tree of Life website (editing step #3 Upload/Edit images).
Teachers | Go to the Learner section |
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Lesson Information
- ToL Learner Level
- Beginner; Intermediate
- Student Grade Level
- Grades 4 and up.
- Objective
- Students will:
- Navigate drives and folders on their computers to save and locate digital image files
- Open their images in Microsoft Paint or another digital editing software program and use the tools of the program to adjust their images. They will adjust their images by:
- rotating (if necessary)
- cropping
- resizing
- adjusting levels (time permitting or if necessary)
- Save images as a JPEG files on their personal computers
- Gather information about the organism(s) featured in their Treehouse from these sites.
- Add information, their thoughts and analysis of information they have found to their Treehouse.
- Time Frame
- Students will need at least 45 minutes.
- See also lesson preparation
- Curricular Areas
- Science, Technology, Media Arts
- State Education Standards: Not yet available
- National Education Standards: Not yet available
- Tools and Resources
- View teacher and learner sections
Lesson Steps
Pre-Lesson Preparation
- Before the day of this lesson, teachers and students should prepare by taking the necessary steps to ensure that each student or student team has at least one digital image accessible for the lesson. This should include the following:
- Transfer digital images from cameras to school computers (see Tools and Resources).
- Each student should create a folder called “(Student’s Name)’s IMAGES ”, for example DawnitaCampbellIMAGES, on the computer they will be using.
- Each student should then be familiar with this file and how to store images in it before they are adjusted and uploaded to the Tree of Life site.
Introduction ~ 5-10 minutes
- State that the goals of the day are to:
- Shrink images to a size appropriate for Treehouse building images.
- Save images as JPEG or GIF files, because that is the format needed for the web.
- Students open images in Paint (or other digital image editing program)
- Guide students to Microsoft Paint via the START menu. First press START, then PROGRAMS, then ACCESSORIES, and then click Paint to open the Paint program.
- Once in the Paint Program (or other digital image editing program), Students click on FILE, then on OPEN and use the window that appears to navigate drives and folders to find their image files.
- Show students an image from the Tree of Life and explain that the goal is to have their images ready to be put on a ToL page.
- Students view their images own and discuss what they see. Are there any obvious problems with the size? Encourage students to share problem with class and discuss briefly.
Undo and Save a backup ~ 5 minutes
- Before moving on to the next step, introduce the UNDO function, to let students know they can easily fix (undo) mistakes they might make during the lesson.
- Before students begin to work on their images they need to save a backup copy. Student should name this backup file with a “bkup” either at the beginning or the end of the image file name. The best way to make a backup is to use the SAVE AS function in Paint or other image software you are using. Click on SAVE AS and, within the window that opens, select the appropriate folder (the students image folder) and then type in the new name for the backup file: such as bkupgreenalgae.jpg Then click save.
- Make sure that students don't have spaces in their file names. If they do, have them rename their images so that they have no spaces.
Rotate Image ~ 5-10 minutes
- Show students a "before and after" of a rotated image. Students determine whether their images need to be rotated. Ask, is the image upside down or turned on its edge? (Many will probably not need to rotate images).
- Demonstrate how to rotate an image.
- With their images showing in the Paint window, students click on IMAGE and select FLIP/ROTATE.
- Within the small window that opens, students select ROTATE BY ANGLE, and then decide by how degrees their image needs to be rotated—90, 180, 270. (Note: images can only be rotated clockwise).
- Students who need should then rotate their images's. Students who do not need to rotate their image should watch someone whose image does need to be rotated
Crop Image ~ 10-15 minutes
- Have students view an example of how an image was cropped.
- Explain what it means to crop an image and how they might use the crop function to enhance the quality of their image. (Note: Cropping is not necessary, but is often beneficial prior to resizing large images.)
- Demonstrate how to crop an image. HE DIDN"T WRITE THE INSTRCTUCTIONS
Resizing Image ~ 10-15 minutes
- Have students turn away from their computers and listen to why images have to be a certain size. Explain that a pixel is unit of measurement that describes how much digital space is taken up by an image. Zoom in on an image to show students a pixel. Larger images require more digital space or pixels than smaller images. Explains what size (how many pixels) is ideal for ToL images (450> pixels). Students view an example of an image too large and an image just right.
- Students determine the current size of their images (how many pixels). To do this, they click on IMAGE and select ATTRIBUTES. The window that appears displays the image size. (Note: The default setting for units is pixels, but have students check to make sure by looking just below the width and height listings to confirm that the measurements are in pixels.)
- Students choose the larger of the two dimensions and compare it to the desired maximum for either dimension (450 pixels). Students determine how much smaller this measurement needs to be, by an approximate percentage and write this percentage down. (e.g. Does their image need to be 20% smaller or 50% smaller according to the images largest dimension.?) Students close the ATTRIBUTES window.
- To resize their images, students click on IMAGE and selected STRETCH/SKEW. Students notice that in the STRETCH box, both the horizontal and vertical dimensions are at 100%. ToL instructor has students turn away from their computers and asks students which dimension should be adjusted (resized). (Note: Both dimensions should be adjusted the same amount to prevent skewing.) Students turn back to their computers and make the appropriate adjustments to both the horizontal and vertical dimensions of their image and click OK.
Save Image ~ 5-10 minutes
1. With their images properly adjusted, student now need to save their images as JPEG files and in their own folders accessible through their accounts.
2. Students click on FILE and selected SAVE AS. Within the window that opens, students selected the correct location or folder and type in the file name they want associated with their images. Clicking SAVE completes the lesson and students can close the Paint application and log off computers.
Lesson Steps
Time Frame
Students will need at least 45 minutes
Introduction ~ 5-10 minutes
- Guide students to this page.
- Choose one of the links from the Information on the Internet Section and instruct students to do the same.
- Ask the students to tell you why you selected the site as a good source of information (you can go over What is a quality Internet site?).
- Ask the students to tell you how to search for information on that site (point out key words to look for).
Searching and Sharing ~ 20 minutes
If you have longer than 45 minutes extend this section to 25 minutes or more and let students search and share for a longer period of time.
- Ask students to search for information on their topic using either a pre-selected site or by searching on their own using a search engine like Google or Yahoo. Tell them that once they find information on a site that they think is good, they should write down the information in steps 1-3 as instructed in the learner tasks. If you would like, you can ask students to search for a particular type of information, such as a information on habitat or lifecycle. However, you should pre-select sites for this information to save time.
- If students want to copy a lot of information without reading it due to time constraints, ask them to copy and paste information into a word processing document or to print the information out so they can read it later.
- After five minutes has passed ask students to stand and share problems they are having and strategies for finding information they are using.
- After 10 minutes has passed ask students to share what they have found out with the class for five minutes.
Writing and Sharing ~ 15 minutes
If you have longer than 45 minutes extend this section to 20 minutes or more and let students write and share for a longer period of time.
- Briefly go over Ways to use Information on the Internet for about five minutes. Coming soon: a lesson on this topic.
- Make sure students have written down the URL, name of site and a brief description on the site. Ask students to write down what they are learning from the site for 5 minutes. Students can stand and share what they are learning as they write.
- Then ask students to write what they think about what they have learned for five minutes. This aspect of their writing should become richer if the students have a chance to collect information from more than one site.
Learner Tasks
Student Instructions:
By the end of the period you should have gathered and inserted into your treehouse the following information for at least 2 Internet sites:
- The URL (web address, for example http://www.tolweb.org is the web address of the ToL)
- Internet site name and short description
- Some information from the site. (See Ways to use information from the Internet)
- Your own thoughts about the information
Before you publish your treehouse you must gather information from at least three Internet sites, though the goal is that you collect information from five sites. You must also list these sites in the Information on the Internet section.
To add the information to your Treehouse:
- Login to the Treehouse Editor
- Find your treehouse
- Go to Step #2 Edit Page Content
- Choose to compose text
- Add the information you have collected along with the URL and site name into the text box.
- Add the best site that you found to the Information on the Internet section
(step #4) of your Treehouse. It is preferred that you add a site that you find on your own. To do this:
- Choose step #4 Edit References and Information on the Internet.
- In this section add the URL, the name of the site and write a short description.
Extension to activity or Homework:
If you complete the learner tasks above you can continue with the following:
- Continue looking for information on the Internet and repeat the learner tasks listed above for more Internet sites.
- Add all of the Internet sites that you used into the Information on the Internet Section. To do this go to Step #4 of the Treehouse Editor, and choose to add spaces for as many Internet links as you will need to add.
Tools and Resources
What is a quality Internet site?
There are a few things to consider when deciding whether the Internet site you have found is a quality site.
- Ask yourself or discuss with your partner whether the information is interesting and worthwhile.
- Think about who produced the site and authored the information.
- Look to see whether the site is regularly updated.
- Determine whether it is a commercial site. Often commercial sites include lots of advertisements that make gathering good information tricky.
Ways to use information from the Internet:
- Link to the information while you are discussing it.
- Quote the information that you found and provide a citation.
- Paraphrase (write in your own words) the information you found and provide a citation.
Information on the Internet
The links listed below are quality sites helpful for searching for information on a variety of mammals, insects, reptiles and amphibians. You may want to add other sites or use other lists of links depending on the topics of the treehouses being created.
- Animal Diversity Web
- At this site you can browse groups or organisms from Kingdom Animalia, such as mammals and insects, or you can do a search on an organism you want to find information about.
- North American Mammals searchable database
- Here you can do a map search to find mammals native to a specific location, search by a species name, search through the mammalian family tree, or find mammals that are extinct in the wild or endangered in their natural habitat. Once you have found what you are looking for you can choose to create your own field guide with information about the organisms that you are studying!
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Natural History Museum of London
- This site’s homepage contains lists of organisms, including selected plants, mammals and insects, which you can browse. For detailed information and the best chance to locate a specific organism, click on RESEARCH at the top of the page. Generally, the museum’s website includes information on a wide variety of natural history topics, including biodiversity, and dinosaurs. There is also a section specifically for young learners and a virtual tour of the museum.
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Center for Biological Diversity
- The Center for Biological Diversity is North America's premier endangered species advocate, and their website reflects the work they have done to protect organisms from extinction in North America. The homepage has a long list of these plants and animals and provides links to pages with detailed information about each organism, including habitats and threats. These pages also generally include images of organisms.
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National Wildlife Federation
- The homepage has a limited list of species, but there are many links to pages that contain a lot of good information. Additionally, you can search the site for specific organisms. There is also a useful section for teachers and students called the Backyard Wildlife Habitat Project.
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Insects.org
- This site boasts its “shameless promotion of insect appreciation” and is particularly well designed for young learners. The layout is fun and the information is interesting. There are hundreds of great images and a lot exciting information about how insects and humans interact. And it’s easy to navigate from the homepage.
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Arizona Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation
- On this site, start with SPECIES ACCOUNTS and browse for Arizona reptiles and amphibians. The site is easy to use, contains lots of good images and provides comprehensive information about many species. Students will like the way the site is designed and the way it looks.
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National Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation
- This site contains information about amphibians and reptiles. The best way to find images and facts of interest to you is to click on the SEARCH button, which is small and located in the bottom right-hand corner of the homepage.
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National Park Service: Biology
- You can browse the EXPLORE BIOLOGY section of this site for selected organisms, such as threatened and endangered species, and you can also do a search for articles. However, searches often retrieve far too many links, many of which might not deal specifically with what you are looking for. Try to focus your search using the TIPS for narrowing searches that the site provides.
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Desert Museum
- At this site, choose EDUCATION or PROGRAMS & RESEARCH or KIDS. You can browse these pages for topics of interest to you. In the KIDS section, there are activities for all age groups. You can also do a search for organisms, however be aware that the results often produce a large number of links.